Young adults’ self-sufficiency in daily life: the relationship with contextual factors and health indicators

BMC Psychology

Table 5 Results of the longitudinal ordinal regression analyses evaluating associations of contextual factors and indicators of health status with overall self-sufficiency (n = 200)

	Univariable model of self-sufficiency^a	Multivariable model of self-sufficiency^b
	OR (95%CI)*	OR (95%CI)*
Contextual factors
Socio-demographics and context
Age (in years)	0.80 (0.69; 0.93)	0.96 (0.78; 1.18)
Gender
Male	Ref.	Ref.
Female	0.73 (0.38; 1.38)	1.09 (0.48; 2.49)
Intermediate vocational education^c
Level 1–3	Ref.	Ref.
Level 4	0.78 (0.39; 1.57)	1.23 (0.52; 2.92)
Ethnic background
Dutch	Ref.	Ref.
Non-Dutch	0.95 (0.49; 1.86)	0.80 (0.34; 1.87)
Living situation
With caretaker	Ref.	Ref.
Not with caretaker	0.21 (0.07; 0.61)	0.25 (0.05; 1.36)
Perceived school performance
> Average	Ref.	Ref.
≤ Average	0.59 (0.32; 1.08)	0.88 (0.43; 1.83)
Risk behaviors
Current smoking
No	Ref.	Ref.
Yes	0.53 (0.28; 1.01)	0.90 (0.39; 2.07)
Binge drinking^d
0 times/4 weeks	Ref.	Ref.
≥ 1 time/4 weeks	0.71 (0.41; 1.24)	0.67 (0.34; 1.35)
Cannabis use
0 times/4 weeks	Ref.	Ref.
≥ 1 time/4 weeks	0.25 (0.10; 0.60)	0.59 (0.18; 1.93)
Criminal behavior
0 times/year	Ref.	Ref.
≥ 1 time/year	0.50 (0.16; 1.62)	0.86 (0.21; 3.57)
Truancy
0 h	Ref.	Ref.
1–5 h	1.10 (0.60; 2.02)	1.66 (0.77; 3.57)
≥ 6 h	0.36 (0.10; 1.26)	0.67 (0.14; 3.10)
Indicators of health status
Sickness absence (days/ 8 weeks)	0.93 (0.89; 0.98)	0.98 (0.93; 1.04)
Depressive symptoms (CES-D scale)	0.90 (0.87; 0.93)	0.90 (0.86; 0.93)

Note: Self-sufficiency was entered as an ordinal variable ranging from self-sufficient on all life-domains, self-sufficient on ten life-domains, self-sufficient on nine life-domains and self-sufficient on eight or less life-domains. Odds ratios represent the odds for a participant to be allocated within a higher self-sufficiency category if they would have scored one point higher on the predictor variable. Bold numbers indicate a statistically significant (p < 0.05) association
^*Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) from ordinal regression analyses
^a The predictor variables were entered separately in the univariable model
^b The predictor variables were entered simultaneously in the multivariable model
^c Intermediate vocational education consists of four levels: 1 = assistant training; 2 = basic vocational training; 3 = vocational training; 4 = middle-management training
^d Binge drinking was defined as consuming five or more alcoholic drinks on one occasion

ISSN: 2050-7283