Variables | Model 1(β) | Model 2(β) | Model 3(β) | Model 4(β) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | |||||
 Gender:Male (ref:female) | 0.008 | −0.01 | 0.02 | −0.16 | 0.459 |
 Age | 0.099 | 0.134 | 0.139 | 0.119 | 0.145 |
 Grade | 0.782** | 0.924** | 0.923** | 0.92** | 0.884** |
 Race/Ethnicity:Han nationality (ref: Minority ethic group) | 0.684 | 0.602 | 0.569 | 0.665 | 0.375 |
 Place of Residence:Urban (ref:rural) | −0.793* | −0.644 | − 0.687* | − 0.705* | − 0.855* |
 Housing:In student residence facility (ref:alone) | −2.696** | −2.755** | −2.73** | −2.622** | − 2.812** |
 Housing:with friends (ref:alone) | −3.788** | −3.612** | −3.536** | − 3.365** | − 3.576** |
 Housing:with family (ref:alone) | −2.376** | −2.407** | − 2.36** | − 2.288** | − 2.469** |
 Only child in the family: Yes (ref:no) | 0.34 | 0.364 | 0.291 | 0.331 | 0.247 |
 Family characteristics: Multi-generational family (ref:core family) | 0.171 | 0.235 | 0.221 | 0.267 | 0.193 |
 Family characteristics: Single parent family (ref:core family) | −0.104 | −0.122 | − 0.141 | − 0.238 | − 0.009 |
 Family characteristics: Remarried family (ref:core family) | − 1.685* | −1.695* | − 1.684* | − 1.659* | −1.635* |
 Household income per month: RMB 5000–10,000(ref:<RMB 5000) | −0.132 | − 0.157 | − 0.171 | −0.239 | − 0.118 |
 Household income per month:>RMB 10000(ref:<RMB 5000) | −0.613 | − 0.89 | −0.848 | − 0.819 | −0.979 |
 Paternal education: Primary school (ref:illiteracy) | − 0.877 | − 0.993 | − 1.047 | − 1.131* | − 0.897 |
 Paternal education: Secondary school (ref:illiteracy) | − 1.391* | −1.423* | − 1.471** | −1.519** | − 1.152* |
 Paternal education: College and above (ref:illiteracy) | −1.834* | − 1.67 | −1.704 | − 1.44 | −1.47 |
 Maternal education: Primary school (ref:illiteracy) | 0.302 | 0.25 | 0.253 | 0.214 | 0.285 |
 Maternal education: Secondary school (ref:illiteracy) | 0.487 | 0.579 | 0.591 | 0.531 | 0.685 |
 Maternal education: College and above (ref:illiteracy) | 2.357* | 2.525** | 2.562** | 2.532** | 2.243* |
 Paternal occupation: Mental workers (ref: Manual workers) | 0.172 | 0.065 | 0.06 | 0.187 | 0.034 |
 Maternal occupation: Mental workers (ref: Manual workers) | −0.683 | − 0.771* | −0.778* | − 0.7 | − 0.839* |
 Paternal health condition | − 0.259 | − 0.263 | − 0.253 | −0.139 | − 0.307** |
 Maternal health condition | −0.129 | − 0.217 | −0.242 | − 0.213 | −0.318 |
 Parents’ way of raising you: Authoritarian (ref:democracy) | 1.884** | 1.425** | 1.383** | 1.385** | 1.325 |
 Parents’ way of raising you: Laissez-faire (ref:democracy) | 0.545 | 0.199 | 0.159 | 0.282 | 0.109 |
 Parents care about you | 1.45** | 0.995** | 0.971** | 1.017** | 0.996** |
 Financial burden during the study | −0.503* | −0.42 | − 0.41 | −0.357 | − 0.455 |
 Expectations of parents (or family members) | 0.725* | 0.672* | 0.673* | 0.632* | 0.698* |
 Physical exercise | 0.298 | 0.387 | 0.417 | 0.368 | 0.559* |
 Appetite status | 1.206** | 1.128** | 1.124** | 1.067** | 1.11** |
 Sleep quality | 1.341** | 1.287** | 1.247** | 1.17** | 1.22** |
 Study-induced stress | −1.395** | −1.315** | −1.312** | − 1.388** | − 1.053** |
 Employment pressure | −0.996** | −0.903** | − 0.892** | − 0.848** | − 0.668** |
 Self-conceived character: Neutral  (ref:introvert) | − 1.908** | − 1.713** | − 1.698** | −1.574** | − 1.533** |
 Self-conceived character: Extrovert (ref:introvert) | −1.523** | − 1.318** | −1.261** | − 0.965* | − 1.126* |
 Having chronic disease: Yes (ref:no) | 0.892 | 0.909 | 0.94 | 0.936 | 0.833 |
 Satisfaction of specialty | 0.216 | 0.043 | 0.012 | 0.021 | −0.042 |
 Relationship with lovers | 0.769** | 0.763** | 0.815** | 0.682** | 0.863** |
 Relationship with classmates or friends | 2.138** | 1.839** | 1.782** | 1.557** | 1.731** |
Model 2 | |||||
 Family function |  | −0.609** | −0.589** | −0.557 | −0.451** |
Model 3 | |||||
 Social support |  |  | −0.047* | −0.011 | −0.041 |
Model 4 | |||||
 Positive coping |  |  |  | −0.151** |  |
 Negative coping |  |  |  |  | 0.227** |
F | 14.935** | 16.794** | 16.517** | 17.662** | 19.189** |
R2 | 0.229 | 0.255 | 0.256 | 0.274 | 0.291 |
ΔR2 | 0.229 | 0.026 | 0.002 | 0.018 | 0.035 |