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Table 2 Mean comparison with ANOVA of contextual factors of the study participants on mental health condition: poor versus good

From: The link between mental health and safe drinking water behaviors in a vulnerable population in rural Malawi

Variables

Scale

Good mental health M (SD) and %

Poor mental health M (SD) and %

Gender

Male/Female

female 57.8%

female 63.2%

Age in years

 

38.39 (15.29)

38.83 (15.73)

Marital status***

Yes/No (married = 1, others = 0)

married 87.7%

married 70.6%

Educ. in years

 

5.97 (3.57)

5.58 (3.76)

Literacy**

Yes/No

Yes 72.4%

Yes 59.6%

Household size

 

5.46 (2.28)

5.25 (2.21)

Income (MWK: Malawi Kwacha)

 

12296.00

9273.73

Wealth Index (radio, TV, mobile phone, electricity, running water)

Yes/No; sum scale range: min. 0 to max. 5

.95 (1.02)

.87 (1.00)

Hunger***

Likert 5-point scale from 1 to 5

2.60 (1.52)

3.18 (1.39)

Anxiety about health situation***

Likert 5-point scale from 1 to 5

1.78 (1.22)

2.25 (1.38)

Diarrhea**

Likert 6-point scale from 1 to 6

1.42 (.67)

1.62 (.90)

  1. Note. *p ≤ .05, **p ≤ .01, ***p ≤ .001. Good mental health N = 467; poor mental health N = 171. Questions: Do you suffer from hunger often? Measure ranged from 1 – never to 5 – very often. How anxious are you about the future situation of your family? How frequently do you suffer from diarrhea? Response: from 1 - never to 6 - more than one day per week