Table 5 Some proposed ‘z’ codes in a ‘PMC x.y.z’ taxonomy
From: A new conception and subsequent taxonomy of clinical psychological problems
| x.1.1 | Cognitive avoidance |
| x.1.2 | Emotional avoidance |
| x.1.3 | Behavioural avoidance |
| x.2.1 | Lack of information |
| x.2.2 | ‘Irrational beliefs’ |
| x.2.3 | Negative self-talk/rumination |
| x.3.1 | Seeing threat everywhere |
| x.3.2 | Seeing failure everywhere |
| x.3.3 | Seeing dislike/disrespect everywhere |
| x.4.1 | Low energy levels |
| x.4.2 | Poor concentration/decision making |
| x.4.3 | Effects of nightmares |
| x.4.4 | Mood effects |
| x.5.1 | Attention-seeking reinforcement |
| x.5.2 | Tangible, concrete reinforcement |
| x.5.3 | Escape conditioning |
| x.5.4 | A low reinforcement environment |
| x.6.1 | Resorting to alcohol/drugs |
| x.6.2 | Resorting to escape/denial |
| x.6.3 | Resorting to aggression |
| x.6.4 | Resorting to self-harm |
| x.6.5 | Reduced social support |
| x.6.6 | Reduced exercise/activity |
| x.6.7 |