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Table 5 Hierarchical multiple regression analysis, Depression (SMFQ)

From: Emotion regulation and its relation to symptoms of anxiety and depression in children aged 8–12 years: does parental gender play a differentiating role?

Variables

Fathers’ reports on child depression symptoms as dependent, fathers’ reports on control and independent variables (n = 285)

Mothers’ reports on child depression symptoms as dependent, mothers’ reports on control and independent variables (n = 534)

β (CI)

t

Part2

Total R2

R 2

β (CI)

t

Part2

Total R2

R 2

Step 1

   

23.40%

25.00%

   

27.70%

28.50%

Age (child)

0.06 (−0.22, 0.88)

1.18

   

0.07 (−0.03, 0.76)

1.83

   

Gender (child)

0.02 (−0.78, 1.16)

0.38

   

−0.06 (−1.34, 0.09)

−1.71

   

Economy (family)

0.04 (−0.28, − 0.66)

0.80

   

−0.02 (− 0.40, 0.25)

−0.46

   

Parental Education

0.07 (−0.77, 0.16)

−1.28

   

0.04 (−0.19, 0.59)

1.00

   

Stress (EASQ)

0.20 (0.29, 1.00)

3.55***

   

0.30 (0.67, 1.14)

7.51***

   

Parental psychiatric health (HSCL)

0.38 (0.34, 0.61)

6.81***

   

0.35 (0.31, 0.48)

9.01***

   

Step 2

   

51.60%

28.00%

   

49.40%

21.60%

Age (child)

0.05 (−0.17, 0.70)

1.19

   

0.06 (−0.02, 0.64)

1.88

   

Gender (child)

0.07 (−0.13, 1.42)

1.64

   

−0.02 (− 0.77, 0.44)

−0.53

   

Economy (family)

0.02 (−0.29, 0.46)

0.46

   

−0.01 (− 0.31, 0.23)

−0.29

   

Parental Education

−0.01 (− 0.42, 0.32)

−0.27

   

0.09 (0.11, 0.76)

2.62**

   

Stress (EASQ)

0.12 (0.08, 0.66)

2.54*

   

0.19 (0.37, 0.78)

5.55***

   

Parental psychiatric health (HSCL)

0.19 (0.12, 0.35)

4.01***

   

0.19 (0.14, 0.29)

5.53***

   

ERC Liability/Negativity (L/N)

0.53 (0.34, 0.50)

10.20***

17.72%

  

0.34 (0.22, 0.34)

8.92***

7.56%

  

ERC Emotion regulation (ER)

−0.08 (−0.27, 0.03)

−1.64

0.46%

  

−0.25 (− 0.48, − 0.26)

−6.68***

4.24%

  
  1. All scores are sum-score. ERC L/N high scores indicate poor regulation skills. ERC ER high scores indicate good regulation skills
  2. SMFQ Mood and Feeling Questionnaire – short form, ERC Emotion regulation checklist, HSCL The Hopkin‘s symptom check list, EASQ Early Adolescence Stress Questionnaire
  3. *p = < 0.05. **p = < 0.01. ***p = < 0.001