Fig. 1

Direct effect and Mediation Models. Standardized regression coefficients and variance explained in HSCL. The estimates of the direct effect model are in parenthesis. Total scores of Resilience Scale for Adults (RSATotal), Hopkins Symptom Check List (HSCLTotal), Herth Hope Scale (HHSTotal), and Spanish-Language Stressful life events (SLETotal). Missing cases in age and sex decreased the sample size to n = 675. p < .001