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Table 1 Sociodemographic parameters by gender and exposure status (rural-Urban migrants, urban residents, rural residents)

From: Prevalence and severity of depressive symptoms in relation to rural-to-urban migration in India: a cross-sectional study

Variable

Men (N = 468)

Women (N = 416)

Rural-urban migrants

Urban residents

Rural residents

Rural-urban migrants

Urban residents

Rural residents

Age (Years)

Mean (Sd)

52.7 (5.9)

48.6 (9.0)

48.1 (10.2)

46.9 (6.0)

45.6 (7.2)

48.7 (10.3)

Standard Of Living Index

Median (Iqr)

28 (26–30)

26 (22–29)

20 (15–23)

28 (26–30)

26 (24–30)

16 (13–20)

Education (N, %)

 No Formal Education

4 (1.7 %)

1 (1.3 %)

32 (21.3 %)

71 (32.4 %)

7 (8.4 %)

50 (43.9 %)

 Up To Primary School

21 (8.7 %)

10 (13.2 %)

39 (26.0 %)

73 (33.3 %)

18 (21.7 %)

44 (38.6 %)

 Secondary School

170 (70.3 %)

43 (56.6 %)

55 (36.7 %)

56 (25.6 %)

30 (36.1 %)

17 (14.9 %)

 Professional Degree/Graduate/Post-Grad.

47 (19.4 %)

22 (29.0 %)

24 (16.0 %)

19 (8.7 %)

28 (33.7 %)

3 (2.6 %)

Household Type (N,%)

 Single/Shared Household Or Nuclear Family

170 (70.2 %)

54 (71.1 %)

95 (63.3 %)

158 (72.2 %)

63 (75.9 %)

66 (57.9 %)

 Extended Family

72 (29.8 %)

22 (28.9 %)

55 (36.7 %)

61 (27.9 %)

20 (24.1 %)

48 (42.1 %)

Current Occupation (N, %)

 Not Employed

18 (7.4 %)

7 (9.2 %)

9 (6.0 %)

199 (90.9 %)

60 (72.3 %)

61 (53.5 %)

 Manual

125 (51.7 %)

36 (47.4 %)

92 (61.3 %)

8 (3.7 %)

8 (9.6 %)

46 (40.4 %)

 Non-Manual

99 (40.9 %)

33 (43.4 %)

49 (32.7 %)

12 (5.5 %)

15 (18.1 %)

7 (6.1 %)

Marital Status (N, %)

 Currently Married

238 (98.4 %)

70 (92.1 %)

148 (98.7 %)

209 (95.4 %)

78 (94.0 %)

80 (70.2 %)

 Not Married

4 (1.7 %)

6 (7.9 %)

2 (1.3 %)

10 (4.6 %)

5 (6.0 %)

34 (29.8 %)

No. Of Children (N, %)

 0–2

99 (42.9 %)

38 (55.9 %)

71 (52.2 %)

89 (43.2 %)

44 (56.4 %)

47 (44.3 %)

 3

84 (36.4 %)

19 (27.9 %)

33 (24.3 %)

77 (37.4 %)

24 (30.8 %)

34 (32.1 %)

  ≥ 4

48 (20.8 %)

11 (16.2 %)

32 (23.5 %)

40 (19.4 %)

10 (12.8 %)

25 (23.6 %)

  1. * Age adjusted P-value < 0.05 in comparison to rural-urban-migrants
  2. ** Age adjusted P-value < 0.01 In comparison to rural-urban-migrants