Advertisement
Table 2 Baseline characteristics of the sample comparing participants who chose the email-based exercise program (intervention group) and participants who only filled in the questionnaire (control group)
| Intervention group (N = 42 761) | Control group (N = 30 293) | χ2 or t-test | P | Phi or eta squared | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean (SD)) | 47.5 (13.0) | 48.5 (14.4) | −9.76 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Sex | |||||
| Men (N (%)) | 10784 (25.2 %) | 9790 (32.3 %) | 441.6 | 0.000 | 0.078 |
| Women (N (%)) | 31977 (74.8 %) | 20503 (67.7 %) | |||
| Education years (mean (SD)) | 15.3 (3.7) | 14.7 (3.9) | 23.2 | 0.000 | 0.007 |
| Current main activity | |||||
| Employed (N (%)) | 34946 (82.6 %) | 22840 (76.3 %) | 432.8 | 0.000 | −0.077 |
| Othera (N (%)) | 7382 (17.4 %) | 7106 (23.7 %) | |||
| In relationship | |||||
| Yes (N (%)) | 33213 (78.7 %) | 23091 (77.2 %) | 22.9 | 0.000 | −0.018 |
| No (N (%)) | 9009 (21.3 %) | 6833 (22.8 %) | |||
| Confidence in the future (mean (SD)) | 5.21 (1.51) | 5.34 (1.44) | −11.8 | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Gratitude (mean (SD)) | 5.69 (1.35) | 5.76 (1.30) | −7.51 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Stress (mean (SD)) | 2.29 (0.70) | 2.16 (0.69) | 24.8 | 0.000 | 0.008 |
| Binge drinking weekly | |||||
| Yes (N (%)) | 3612 (15.3 %) | 4836 (14.3 %) | 10.1 | 0.001 | −0.013 |
| No (N (%)) | 19996 (84.7 %) | 28882 (85.7 %) | |||
| Daily smoking (N, %) | |||||
| Yes (N (%)) | 4905 (11.6 %) | 4190 (14.0 %) | 89.0 | 0.000 | −0.035 |
| No (N (%)) | 37395 (88.4 %) | 25833 (86.0 %) | |||
| Physical exercise at least 3 h/week | |||||
| Yes (N (%)) | 26555 (62.6 %) | 19788 (65.9 %) | 80.2 | 0.000 | −0.033 |
| No (N (%)) | 15857 (37.4 %) | 10260 (34.1 %) | |||
| Daily use of vegetables and/or fruits | |||||
| Yes (N (%)) | 35587 (83.4 %) | 24833 (82.2 %) | 18.8 | 0.000 | 0.016 |
| No (N (%)) | 7072 (16.6 %) | 5379 (17.8 %) |
