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Table 4 Resilience according to group types and characteristics (n = 160)

From: Participation in rural community groups and links with psychological well-being and resilience: a cross-sectional community-based study

   

Univariablea

Multivariablea

M

SD

β

p

β

p

Group type

   

0.10

 

0.45

 Socialb

3.6

0.7

 

 

 Task-focused

4.0

0.6

0.21*

 

0.11

 

 Both social and task-focused

3.6

0.7

−0.03

 

−0.07

 

 Neither

3.7

0.6

−0.02

 

0.03

 

Formally organized

   

0.07

 

0.56

 Yesb

3.7

0.7

 

 

 No

3.5

0.8

−0.16

 

−0.06

 

Hierarchical

   

0.38

 

 Yesb

3.6

0.7

 

 

 No

3.7

0.6

0.08

 

 

Has strict rules

   

0.03

 

0.30

 Yesb

3.8

0.7

 

 

 No

3.6

0.7

−0.19*

 

−0.10

 

Relatively relaxed/casual

   

0.35

 

 Yesb

3.6

0.7

 

 

 No

3.8

0.6

0.08

 

 

Has a leader

   

0.42

 

 Yesb

3.7

0.7

 

 

 No

3.7

0.7

0.07

 

 

Group members have clearly defined roles

   

0.17

 

 Yesb

3.8

0.7

 

 

 No

3.6

0.7

−0.12

 

 

People in the group are similar to one another

   

0.21

 

 Agreeb

3.6

0.7

 

 

 Do not agree

3.8

0.6

0.11

 

 

Participants’ influence within the group

   

0.005

 

0.04

 Little or noneb

3.4

0.8

 

 

 Some or a lot

3.8

0.6

0.25**

 

0.19*

 

Number of group members

   

0.42

 

 0–19b

3.7

0.7

 

 

 20–49

3.8

0.5

0.01

 

 

 50+

3.5

0.8

−0.11

 

 

Length of time the group has existed

   

0.55

 

 Less than 5 yearsb

3.8

0.5

 

 

 Between 5 and 20 years

3.6

0.8

−0.14

 

 

 More than 20 years

3.7

0.7

−0.09

 

 

How often the group gains new members

   

0.07

 

0.55

 Rarely or neverb

3.6

0.7

 

 

 Occasionally

3.6

0.7

0.01

 

−0.02

 

 Often

3.9

0.6

0.22

 

0.09

 

How often group meets

   

0.83

 

 One or more times a weekb

3.7

0.7

 

 

 Fortnightly or monthly

3.6

0.7

−0.02

 

 
  1. Results are from univariable linear regressions conducted for each group type and characteristic variable and a single multivariable linear regression involving those variables that were associated with scores on the Brief Resilience Scale at p < 0.15 in the univariable regressions. Categories that significantly differ from the reference category are indicated by asterisks. aAdjusted for all demographic variables. bReference category. *p < 0.05 **p < 0.01