Do habits always override intentions? Pitting unhealthy snacking habits against snack-avoidance intentions

BMC Psychology

Table 4 Regression analysis: Intention and habit as predictors of unhealthy snack intake

	Step 1 β	Step 2 β	Step 3 β
Main analysis (n = 228) †
Intention	-.22**	-.17**	-.17*
Habit		.23**	.23**
Intention x habit			-.08
Model F	3.38**	4.78***	4.34***
R²	.07	.11	.12
R² change		.04**	.006
Sensitivity analysis 1 (n = 236) †
Intention	-.22**	-.17**	-.17*
Habit		.26***	.26***
Intention x habit			-.04
Model F	11.97**	15.06***	10.15***
R²	.05	.11	.12
R² change		.07***	.002
Sensitivity analysis 2 (n = 236) †
Attitude	.11	.15	.15
Subjective norms	.26***	.21**	.21**
Perceived behavioural control	-.12	-.07	-.07
Intention	-.35***	-.33**	-.33**
Habit		.22**	.22**
Intention x habit			-.05
Model F	7.93***	8.78***	7.43***
R²	.13	.16	.17
R² change		.04**	.003

*p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001. Main analysis models adjust for demographics (coefficients not shown). Sensitivity analysis 1 models exclude demographics. Sensitivity analysis 2 models adjust for TPB variables, and exclude demographics. † Sample sizes differ across analyses due to missing data on demographic variables.

ISSN: 2050-7283