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Table 3 Means of PA behavior, intention, commitment and the IMI scales per cluster

From: Profiling physical activity motivation based on self-determination theory: a cluster analysis approach

 

Cluster 1:

Cluster 2:

Cluster 3:

F/Chi^2(df = 2)

 

Autonomous motivation

Controlled motivation

Low motivation

 
 

n = 1310

n = 610

n = 553

 

Gender: % male

30.7%

32.6%

31.8%

0.80

Age

45.2 ± 12.7

43.9 ± 13.6

44.0 ± 12.6

2.91

Marital status: % married/living together

74.7%

73.3%

74.0%

0.79

Education: % high education

63.0%

56.1%

58.2%

9.47**

BMI

25.5 ± 4.4a

26.9 ± 5.6b

27.0 ± 5.4b

25.04***

Interest/enjoyment

5.73 ± 1.00a

4.85 ± 1.12b

3.91 ± 1.31c

549.64***

Perceived competence

4.78 ± 1.09a

4.08 ± 1.08b

3.58 ± 1.17c

254.52***

Effort/importance

5.42 ± 0.99a

4.72 ± 0.99b

3.99 ± 1.13c

395.69***

Pressure/tension

1.75 ± 0.81a

2.62 ± 1.10b

2.33 ± 1.15c

188.30***

Perceived choice

5.93 ± 0.89a

4.84 ± 1.02b

4.98 ± 1.12c

345.12***

Value/usefulness

6.47 ± 0.49a

6.00 ± 0.71b

5.54 ± 0.97c

384.51***

Intention

7.77 ± 1.51a

6.86 ± 1.50b

5.35 ± 1.84c

453.62***

Commitment

2.93 ± 0.61a

2.57 ± 0.64b

2.01 ± 0.69c

416.50***

Weekly days ≥ 30 minutes PA

2.70 ± 1.07a

2.48 ± 1.15b

2.02 ± 1.22c

70.14***

Weekly minutes spent on:

   

MVPA (total)

537 ± 575a

434 ± 491b

362 ± 506b

22.56***

Sports

138 ± 184a

90 ± 127b

56 ± 172c

52.60***

Walking during spare time

102 ± 156a

90 ± 159ab

79 ± 153b

4.43*

Walking to work/school

20 ± 140

18 ± 72

15 ± 67

0.47

Biking during spare time

74 ± 175a

62 ± 172a

38 ± 110b

9.57***

Biking to work/school

34 ± 88a

34 ± 97a

17 ± 44b

9.27***

Gardening

66 ± 143

51 ± 111

59 ± 138

2.77

Chores

85 ± 233

70 ± 211

68 ± 199

0.86

  1. MVPA = moderate to vigorous physical activity.
  2. For each variable, means with different superscripts indicate a significant difference at P < .05 using Bonferroni post-hoc tests.
  3. *P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001.