Profiling physical activity motivation based on self-determination theory: a cluster analysis approach

BMC Psychology

Table 2 Mean z-scores and raw scores of motivational regulation per cluster

	Cluster 1:		Cluster 2:		Cluster 3:		F(df = 2)
	Autonomous motivation		Controlled motivation		Low motivation
	n = 1310		n = 610		n = 553
	z-scores	raw scores	z-scores	raw scores	z-scores	raw scores
External regulation	−0.52 ± 0.39^a	1.23 ± 0.37^a	1.07 ± 0.79^b	2.75 ± 0.76^b	−0.23 ± 0.70^c	1.50 ± 0.67^c	1605.05***
Introjected regulation	−0.06 ± 0.86^a	3.00 ± 1.07^a	0.85 ± 0.70^b	4.15 ± 0.88^b	−0.91 ± 0.61^c	1.93 ± 0.77^c	765.72***
Identified regulation	0.52 ± 0.54^a	5.81 ± 0.74^a	0.13 ± 0.65^b	5.28 ± 0.90^b	−1.37 ± 0.89^c	3.23 ± 1.22^c	1626.20***
Intrinsic motivation	0.57 ± 0.63^a	5.39 ± 0.96^a	0.01 ± 0.70^b	4.55 ± 1.06^b	−1.31 ± 0.67^c	2.54 ± 1.02^c	1638.94***

For each variable, means with different superscripts indicate a significant difference at P < .05 using Bonferroni post-hoc tests.
***P < .001.

ISSN: 2050-7283