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Table 1 rTMS parameters in the N = 40 RCTs included in the current meta-analysis

From: Short-term efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in depression- reanalysis of data from meta-analyses up to 2010

Study (by year and first author); country

DLPFC location

Definition of location

Frequency (Hz)

Motor threshold (%)

Coil type

Coil diameter (mm)

Coil angle sham (°)

Stimuli/session

Trains/session

Inter-train interval (s)

Sessions

Stimulator (company)

George et al. ([1997]); USAa

L

5 cm

20

80

F8

–

45

800

–

58

10

Cadwell

Avery et al. ([1999]); USA

L

5 cm

10

80

–

–

45

–

20

55

10

Cadwell

Kimbrell et al. ([1999]); USAa

L

5 cm

20

80

F8

–

45

800

20

60

10

Cadwell

L

1

Klein et al. ([1999]); Israel

R

6 cm

1

110

C

90

90

120

–

180

10

Cadwell

Loo et al. ([1999]); Australia

L

5 cm

10

110

F8

70

45

–

30

30

10

MagStim

Padberg et al. ([1999]); Germany

L

5 cm

10

90

F8

70

90

250

5

30

5

MagStim

L

.3

10

Berman et al. ([2000]); USA

L

5 cm

20

80

F8

–

45

–

20

58

10

Cadwell

Eschweiler et al. ([2000]); Germanya,b

L

5 cm

10

90

F8

70

90

–

20

50

5

MagStim

George et al. ([2000]); USAc

L

5 cm

12*

100

F8

–

45

1600

–

25*

10

Cadwell

Garcia-Toro et al. ([2001a]); Spain

L

5 cm

20

90

F8

–

90

–

30

30*

10

MagPro

Garcia-Toro et al. ([2001b]); Spain

L

5 cm

20

90

F8

85

90

1200

30

30*

10

MagPro

Manes et al. ([2001]) ; USA

L

MRI

20

80

F8

–

TI

–

20

60

5

MagStim

Boutros et al. ([2002]); USA

L

5 cm

20

80

F8

70

90

800

20

58

10

MagStim

Padberg et al. ([2002]); Germanyd

L

5 cm

10

100

F8

70

90

1500

15

30

10

MagStim

Fitzgerald et al. ([2003]); Australia

L

5 cm

10

100

F8

70

45

1000

20

25

10

MagStim

R

1

300

5

60

Höppner et al. ([2003]); Germanye

L

5 cm

20

90

F8

–

90

–

20

60

10

MagLite

Loo et al. ([2003]); Australia

B

5 cm

15

90

F8

70

TI

–

24

25

15

MagStim

Nahas et al. ([2003]); USA

L

5 cm

5

110

F8

–

45

1600

–

22

10

Neotonus

Buchholtz et al. ([2004]); Denmark

L

5 cm

10

90

F8

70

90

–

20

60

15

MagStim

Hausmann et al. ([2004]); Austriaf

BS

MRI

11*

110*

F8

–

TI

2300*

10

10

10

MagStim

Holtzheimer et al. ([2004]); USA

L

5 cm

10

110

F8

–

45

1600

32

45*

10

MagPro

Kauffmann et al. ([2004]); USA

R

5 cm

1

110

C

90

45

120

2

180

10

MagLite

Koerselman et al. ([2004]); Netherlands

L

5 cm

20

80

C

60

45

–

20

30

10

MagPro

Mosimann et al. ([2004]); Switzerland

L

5 cm

20

100

F8

–

90

1600

40

28

10

MagStim

Poulet et al. ([2004]); France

L

5 cm

10

80

F8

70

45

–

20

58

10

MagStim

Rossini et al. ([2005]); Italy

L

5 cm

15

100

F8

70

90

900

30

28

10

MagStim

Rumi et al. ([2005]); Brazil

L

5 cm

5

120

F8

–

TS

1250

25

20

20

MagPro

Su et al. ([2005]); Taiwanc

L

5 cm

12*

100

F8

70

90

–

40

–

10

MagStim

Avery et al. ([2006]); USA

L

MRI

10

110

F8

70

90

1600

32

28*

15

MagPro

Fitzgerald et al. ([2006]); Australia

BS

5 cm

6*

105*

F8

70

45

–

18

28*

10

MagPro

Garcia-Toro et al. ([2006]); Spaing

BS

5 cm

11*

110

F8

85

45

–

60

20*

10

MagPro

Januel et al. ([2006]); France

R

5 cm

1

90

F8

–

TS

–

2

180

16

MagStim

Anderson et al. ([2007]); UK

L

5 cm

10

110

F8

–

TS

1000

20

30

12

MagStim

Bortolomasi et al. ([2007]); Italy

L

5 cm

20

90

C

90

90

800

20

60

5

MagStim

Herwig et al. ([2007]); Germany/Austriah

L

F3

10

110

F8

70

45

2000

100

8

15

MagStim/Pro

Loo et al. ([2007]); Australiai

L

5 cm

10

110

F8

70

TI

–

30

25

20

MagStim

O’Reardon et al. ([2007]); USA, Australia, Canada

L

5 cm

10

120

–

–

TS

3000

–

26

20

Neuronetics

Stern et al. ([2007]); USA

L

5 cm

10

110

F8

–

90

–

20

52

10

MagStim/MagPro

L

1

1

–

R

1

1

–

Bretlau et al. ([2008]); Denmark

L

5 cm

8

90

F8

70

TS

1289

20

52

15

MagStim

Mogg et al. ([2008]); UK

L

5 cm

10

110

F8

–

TS

1000

20

55

10

MagStim

  1. Notes: *Mean values. Sham was always administered at the same DLPFC location (left or right or bilateral) as the active rTMS (for the definition of DLPFC location, ’5 cm’ refers to 5 cm rostral (anterior) to sagittal (parasagittal) plane). aIf cross-over design was used then the results of only the parallel double-blind stimulation are included in the current analysis. bThe combined scores of two active rTMS groups (group 1 and 3) are included in the current analysis. cThe combined scores of two HFL rTMS groups (5 Hz and 20 Hz) are included in the current analysis. dSince sham was administered at 100% MT, only the active rTMS with 100% MT group is included in the current analysis. eSince sham was administered to the left DLPFC, only the HFL rTMS group is included in the current analysis. fThe ’active rTMS’ group consists of group A1 (HFL rTMS followed by right-sham) and group A2 (HFL rTMS followed by LFR rTMS). Sham was applied bilaterally (left then right DLPFC). g"Active TMS" group is included in the current analysis (active TMS after single photon emission computed tomography, SPECT, is excluded because patients in this group received rTMS at individualised sites based on the results of SPECT). hSham was administered 5 cm lateral to the F3 location, above the left temporal muscle. iIn contrast to all other studies that utilised a single rTMS (or sham) session/day, rTMS was applied twice/day for 2 weeks, 5 days/week (thus a total of 20 sessions). Abbreviations: B, bilateral DLPFC; BS, bilateral sequential (left then right DLPFC); C, circular; DLPFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; F3, the F3 location of the 10-20 electroencephalogram (EEG) system; F8, figure-of-eight shape; L, left DLPFC; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; R, right DLPFC; RCT, randomised-controlled trial; rTMS, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation; TI, tangential with inactive coil; TS, tangential with sham coil containing embedded magnetic shield.