From: Rumination and interoceptive accuracy predict the occurrence of the thermal grill illusion of pain
Subjective pain ratings: | RESPONDERS | NON-RESPONDERS | t-tests | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pain intensity: | n = 24 (44.4%) | n = 30 (55.6%) |  | |||
 | Mean (SD) | Min-Max | Mean (SD) | Min-Max |  | |
 | 38.6 (9.8) | 25.4–63.3 | 14.4 (4.3) | 2.5–24.6 | p = .000** 1 | |
Pain unpleasantness: | n = 19 (35.2%) | n = 35 (64.8%) |  | |||
 | 35.6 (11.1) | 25–64.2 | 11.6 (8.2) | 0–23.8 | p = .000** | |
Trait/ State Questionnaires/ Tests: | Â | |||||
 | n = 27 | n = 27 | t ( df ) | p | ||
Anxiety Trait | 40.1 (8.7) | 26–60 | 39.8 (7.6) | 26–55 |  |  |
Anxiety State | 33.6 (9.7) | 0–47 | 30.8 (9.2) | 0–44 |  |  |
Pain Catastrophizing | 17.8 (9.5) | 2–31 | 16.1 (7.7) | 1–30 |  | |
Rumination | 13.1 (4.9) | 3–25 | 10.9 (4.8) | 3–20 | 1.9 (49) | .05* |
Optimism/ Pessimism | 16.1 (2.9) | 12–22 | 15.1 (4.3) | 6–23 |  | |
Interoceptive accuracy (IA) | .75 (.2) | .07– .99 | .61 (.2) | .09–.95 | 2.0 (49) | .05* |
Expectancy of pain | 56.1 (20) | 0–85 | 59.6 (19.1) | 15–100 |  |  |
Suggestibility (WSS): | n = 26 | n = 27 |  | |||
3 positive WSS tests: | 5 participants | Â | 2 participants | Â | Â | |
Positive Initiation test: | 12 participants | Â | 10 participants | Â | Â | |
RT (sec) | 47.3 (17.3) | 5–60 | 51.9 (13.5) | 11–60 |  | |
Confidence | 2.9 (.8) | 1–4 | 3.2 (.9) | 1–4 |  | |
Concentration | 3.4 (.7) | 2–4 | 3.4 (.6) | 2–4 |  | |
Positive Intensification test: | 19 participants | Â | 18 participants | Â | Â | |
RT (sec) | 29.5 (22.3) | 6–60 | 36.7 (20.6) | 3–60 |  | |
Distance (cm) | 27.1 (15.4) | 5–45 | 24.1 (15.1) | 5–50 |  | |
Confidence | 3.5 (.5) | 2–4 | 3.3 (.9) | 1.5–4 |  | |
Concentration | 3.4 (.8) | 1–4 | 3.7 (.5) | 2–4 |  | |
Positive Generalisation test: | 10 participants | Â | 13 participants | Â | Â | |
RT (sec) | 52.9 (11.4) | 16–60 | 50.4 (13.8) | 15–60 |  | |
Confidence | 3.2 (.8) | 2–4 | 3.1 (.7) | 1–4 |  | |
Concentration | 3.6 (.6) | 2–4 | 3.6 (.6) | 2–4 |  |