Using the yes/no recognition response pattern to detect memory malingering

BMC Psychology

Table 2 Comparisons of the TOMM and the yes/no recognition test (Alsterdorfer Faces Test) variables between the four groups of the clinical sample

Variable	Probably malingering claimants	Probably non-malingering claimants	Inpatients with dementia	Inpatients with affective disorder
Variable	(n = 11)	(n = 40)	(n = 13)	(n = 51)
TOMM					W + value	Z-value
Wilcoxon signed-rank tests					W + value	Z-value
TOMM trial 1	M = 33.36, S = 8.35	M = 46.53, S = 3.95	-	-	88***	−4.56
TOMM trial 1	Min = 21, Max = 47	Min = 32, Max = 50			88***	−4.56
TOMM trial 2	M = 34.55, S = 8.38	M _a = 49.53, S _a = 1.09	-	-	66***	−5.27
TOMM trial 2	Min = 16, Max = 43	Min = 45, Max = 50			66***	−5.27
Yes/No Recognition Test					F(3,111)	η²
Analyses of Variance					F(3,111)	η²
Discrimination Index P(r)	0.35^a	0.69^b	0.41^a	0.68^b	16.92***	0.31
Discrimination Index P(r)	(0.25)	(0.21)	(0.19)	(0.15)	16.92***	0.31
False negative responses _b	9.09^a	3.78^b	4.69^b	3.47^b	11.58***	0.24
False negative responses _b	(4.04)	(3.16)	(2.59)	(2.55)	11.58***	0.24
False positive responses _b	4.00^a	2.48^a	6.92^b	2.94^a	11.52***	0.24
False positive responses _b	(3.03)	(2.01)	(3.52)	(2.34)	11.52***	0.24

*** = p ≤ 0.001. Standard deviations appear in parentheses below means; means in the same row sharing the same superscript letter do not differ significantly from one another at p ≤ 0.05; means that do not share subscripts differ at p ≤ 0.05 based on Scheffé test post-hoc paired comparisons.
_a This value is based on 26 claimants that actually performed trial 2, in 14 claimants with values ≥ 48 in trial 1, trial 2 was estimated to be 50/50.
_b False negative and false positive responses did not exhibit standard normal distribution measured by the Shapiro-Wilk test of normality. Parametric results are reported for readability. Results were confirmed by Kruskal-Wallis tests and post-hoc Wilcoxon´s signed-rank tests.

ISSN: 2050-7283